healing effect of bioglue in articular cartilage defect of femoral condyle in experimental rabbit model

The full-thickness articular cartilage defects of knee have a poor healing capacity that may progress to osteoarthritis and need a knee replacement. This study determines the healing effect of bioglue in full-thickness articular cartilage defect of femoral condyle in rabbit. Forty-eight male rabbits were randomly divided into four equal groups. In group A, 4 mm articular cartilage defects were created in the right and left medial femoral condyles. Then a graft from xiphoid cartilage was transferred into the defect together with a designed bioglue and the knees were closed. In group B, an articular cartilage defect was created identical to group A, but the defect size was 6 mm. In group C, 4 and 6 mm articular cartilage defects were created in the right and left medial femoral condyles respectively. The graft was transferred into the defect and the knees were stitched. In group D, articular cartilage defects were created similar to group C, just filled with bioglue and closed. The rabbits were euthanized and subgroups were defined as A1, B1, C1 and D1 after 30 days and A2, B2, C2 and D2 after 60 days. The cartilages were macroscopically and histologically investigated for any changes. Microscopic and macroscopic investigations showed that bioglue had a significant healing effect in the femoral condyle. Addition of bioglue can effectively promote the healing of articular cartilage defects

Clinical significance of P-glycoprotein immunohistochemistry and histomorphologic factors in patients with osteosarcoma

Osteosarcoma is the most frequent highly malignant bone tumor with a peak incidence in the second decade of life. Although survival rate increased up to 60-70% within the last 10 years, the problem of unresponsiveness to chemotherapy remains. In this study, we sought to determine the prognostic significance of P-glycoprotein as a tumor marker for osteosarcoma. In a retrospective study, we correlated P-glycoprotein immunostaining with clinicopathologic and histomorphologic features of the tumor and the patient outcome in 30 cases with primary, non-metastatic, highgrade osteosarcoma who were homogeneously treated. P-glycoprotein positivity was found in 14 of 30 cases and was significantly associated with a higher incidence of adverse events and relapse rate. No relationship was found between p-glycoprotein immunostaining and clinicopathologic features such as age, sex, tumor site, histologic subtype, osteoid content, osteoid pattern, pretreatment necrosis, pleomorphism of the cells, and presence of prominent nucleoli, except for mitotic activity per 10 HPF. P-glycoprotein positivity in immunohistochemistry should be taken into consideration to identify a subgroup of osteosarcoma patients with poor outcome at the time of diagnosis. So it might be an important marker in planning innovative chemotherapeutic regimens

Study of the different solvents on silymarin extraction from milk thistle

The seeds extract of Milk thistle [Silybum marianum [L]Gaertn]is named silymarin It is used widely in the treatment of cirrhosis, diabetes mellitus, and hypercholesterolemia. There are different methods for production of this compound but the best method is patented. In this study, we study the power of different solvents on silymarin production. 10g of three samples [Marzanabad, Golshan and Hungarian samples cultivated in our research farm], powdered and defatted by petroleum ether, the degatted powders were extracted with one of the following solvents: Methanol, ethanol acetone, ethylacetate, and acetonitril. The silymarin content was assayed by HPLC The results showed that methanol is the best solvent in extracting silymarin and all of its components after methanol, acetone and acetonitril had good power, in extracting silymarin and silybin Methanol is the best solvent for silymarin extraction and then acetone and acetonitril could be replaced for it

Intra-articular sufentanil compared to morphine for pain relief after arthroscopic knee surgery

Background: prevention of postoperative pain by injecting opioid into the knee joint is believed to support the hypothesis of peripheral opioid receptor activation in inflammation. Main outcomes were reduction of pain intensity and need for supplementary analgesics. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the analgesic effects of intra-articular sufentanil in comparison with morphine, after arthreoscopic procedures of knee joint

Methods: in this prospective, double-blind study, 45 patients were randomized in three equal number groups to receive either sufentanil 5 ?g [group s], morphine 3 mg [group M] or normal saline 20 cc as placebo [group p], intra-articularly at the end of arthroscopic knee surgery, under general anesthesia, which was same in all three groups. Pain levels at rest were measured by Visual Analog Scale [VAS] at intervals of 1,2,4,8,12,14 hours and during movement of knee at discharge time

Results: significant difference between the groups [p<0.001] were found. Pain scores were statistically lower in the S and M groups in comparison with the P group, but intra-articular sufentanil was more effective than morphine

Conclusion: Intra-articular injection of morphine and sufentanil both reduce the post arthroscopic knee procedure's pain and need for supplementary analgesics, but sufentanil, 5 ?g is more effective than morphine [3 mg]